Calculate the force between an alpha particle and a proton separated by 5.12 x 10–15 m.

Charge on ana alpha particle is 2e.

 using Coulomb's law,F=14πεq1q2r2 =14πε2×1.6×10-19×1.6×10-19(5.12×10-15)2 =9×109×0.195×10-8=17.5 N
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Estimate the ratio of the electric force of repulsion between two proton to the gravitational force of attraction between them.

Electrostatic force is given by F =kq1q2r2 = 9×109(1.6×10-19)2r2Gravitational force is given by F=Gm1m2r2= 6.67×10-11 (1.67×10-27)2r2

Ratio of these forces are given by,

            9×109(1.6×10-19)2r26.67×10-11(1.67×10-27)2r2

            =        1.24×1036.

 

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Two point electric charges of unknown magnitude and sign are placed a distance d apart. The electric field intensity is zero at a point not between the charges but on the line joining them. Write two essential conditions for this to happen.

Two essential conditions for this to happen is:
i) Both charges cannot be of the same sign.
ii)The point where electric field intensity has to be 0 is closer to the smaller charge as compared to the charge larger in magitude.

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Sketch the electric field lines due to point charge (i) q > 0 and (ii) q < 0.


The electric field lines of the point charge are as given below:

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What is an electric field line? Sketch lines of field due to two equal positive charges placed at a small distance apart in air.

Electric field line or the line of force is the path along which a unit positive test charge would move when kept in an electrostatic field.
In other words, a field line is an imaginary line drawn such that its direction at any point is the same as the direction of the field at that point. 
Line of field due to two equal positive charge is shown below:


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